The Benefits of Eating Horse Meat Essay examples -- food, horse meat

They Eat Horses, Don't They? Many Americans have a hard time thinking about eating horse meat. Every year, many horses are slaughtered for meat which is exported to other countries. â€Å"The U.S. Humane Society Web site says 55,776 horses were slaughtered last year in the United States and thousands more transported to Canada and Mexico for slaughter there (Lum). By getting rid of unwanted horses, the horse market will begin to steadily climb. Slaughtering horses allows breeders a way to benefit from old horses and benefits the economy. Unfortunately, people who breed too many horses find it hard to get rid of the each year.This causes them to have to find another place for the extra horses. â€Å"People will turn them out in fields and let them starve to death. That alternative is less humane, more wasteful and just dumb† (Maese). The problem of horses starving is nothing new to the horse business. For years Amish have been tying horses to lamp posts that they can no longer afford to feed, and some people who obtain horses do not have the means to take care of them. While it is not truly the horse’s fault, at the same time, butchering it provides a clean, humane and swift end to what otherwise would be a miserable last few days of their life. Not to mention that they would be able to be used in another form. Sometimes its this sacrifice that is needed to benefit the industry. Over the years, the opinions of many people have started to change about horses in America. It has started from the idea, the Native Americans had of using the whole animal when it was hunted, to nowadays Americans do not even want to use a horse unless it is alive. This has to lead one to wonder how exactly this change occurred. It's all PETA and thes... ... to kill a suffering horse and use the meat, than to kill a suffering horse and waste it. Works Cited Drape, Joe. "Drugs Injected at the Racetrack Put Europe Off U.S. Horse Meat." New York Times. 09 Dec 2012: A.1. SIRS Issues Researcher.Web. 14 Nov 2013 Lum, Rebecca Rosen. "Wild Horses Lose Protection from Slaughter." Contra Costa Times (Walnut Creek, CA). Jan. 28 2005: n.p. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 05 Nov 2013. Maese, Rick. "Horse Slaughtering Deeply Divides Racing, Breeding Community." Orlando Sentinel (Orlando, FL). 28 May 2004: n.p. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 05 Nov 2013. Pacelle, Wayne. "Don't Reopen Plants That Slaughter Horses for Food." Chicago Tribune. 19 Apr 2013: 25. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 11 Nov 2013. "USDA Promotes the Eating of Horse & Goat Meat." USDA Promotes the Eating of Horse & Goat Meat. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013.

How to Meet Customer Needs Essay

A marketing campaign should have the goal of meeting customer needs in mind. There are certain things you can do to make sure you meet your customer needs, and those are explained below: First and foremost offer good customer service. The customer is not always right, but they should always be respected and valued. So, make sure that your customers know they are important to you, and that you want to meet their needs. If they know this, they will be more forgiving, and they will be more willing to stay loyal to you and help you meet their needs by informing you of what those needs are. Another great way to meet customer needs is to find out exactly what it is that your customers expect from you, and how they want their needs met. You can do this by issuing customer surveys. Have customers do a small three question survey with room for comment as they check out, or by mail, etc. you can attach some sort of incentive to it. This will give you a clear idea of what your customers want, and what areas you could improve on. Surveys are a marketing campaign of sorts, they get your name out there, and they help people know you care. Another way to meet customer needs through your marketing campaign is to make sure your customers are aware of how you will deal with their complaints. Mention your methods of dealing with complaints in the campaign. For example, say â€Å"If you are not satisfied you get 100% of your money back.† This is a marketing campaign that has proven very effective because people do not feel risk, and thus are more open to purchasing something. Another great marketing campaign that can help you to meet customer needs is through offering repeat business cards. These are like punch cards where they get incentive for coming in, buy however many, get however many free. This helps you identify repeat customers at the check out, and gives your employees a chance to ask them if there is any sort of changes they would like to see made to your level of service, etc. It also gives customers the feeling of being appreciated, and they get a reward for being loyal, which makes them happy as well. Last but not least, as part of your marketing campaign, you can meet customer needs through allowing for and providing opportunity for comments to be made. Include a toll free phone number that can be called with questions. Provide a comment card in the bag you put their item in after purchase, etc. Marketing is not all about getting your name out there. One big part of marketing is meeting customer  need. This can be taking the product to them, instead of having them come to you. It can mean offering incentives with multiple purchases. It can mean giving the customer the right and enough information to find you and your business. To find out what your customer’s needs are, ask them, and then put your marketing team’s heads together to come up with a way to meet those needs through your marketing campaign. You will want to build strong products, and inform your customers through marketing of any improvements you make. You will also want to allow them to make suggestions for improvement, and thank them for any comments they do make. After all, your customers are who keep you in business, so make part of your marketing campaign be listening to their suggestions, and acting on valuable ones.

Durga Puja Observation - 882 Words

Durga Puja I attended Durga Puja on Friday, September 29 at Monrovia High School. The event was put on by the Bengali Association of Southern California. I had no background information of Durga Puja before I arrived, so I learned by experience. Professor Arnab Banerji was one of the individuals organizing the event, and he requested that my Theatre History class attend Durga Puja for one evening so that we could observe first hard the similarities between religious rituals and performances. I arrived alone to Durga Puja at around 7:30 PM. As I was entering the festival, I immediately noticed the beautiful sarees the women were wearing. I felt like I stood out tremendously because even though I was dressed nicely, I was not wearing a†¦show more content†¦Most notably he deciphered the Brahmi script on the stone edicts of the Ancient Indian ruler, Emperor Ashoka. Prinsep also restored temples, improved the drainage systems, introduced uniform coinage, and reformed the Indian system of weights and measures. Prinsep is a major figure and due to his architectural abilities a ghat was erected in India to honor his memory. At this specific Durga Puja festival the puja mandap was erected to resemble the Prinsep Ghat as a way of honoring his memory. In the center of the puja mandap was a striking Durga statue. She had ten arms, long, black hair, and a bindi on her forehead. There were other smaller statues of other women that are representations of Durga’s other forms, but it was clear that Durga was the main focus. In front of the puja mandap were vases of flowers seated on fabric that resembled a rug. I believe people were leaving flowers on the rug as a sign of worship to Durga. The rest of the gym’s floor space was taken up by many rows of black chairs. Floor space was only present in the aisles, and in front of the puja mandap. In the gym, I observed many people walking up to Durga, whispering a quick prayer, and then take a picture before exiting the gym again. After the festival Professor Banerji explained the purpose of Durga Puja. He informed me that Durga Puja is a Hindu festival/ritual that honors and celebrates Durga as the mother of life and creation. The festival marks the battleShow MoreRelatedHinduism : An Indian Religion1265 Words   |  6 Pagesculturally and regionally embedded religion compared to other religions. Hinduism indicates the amalgam of spiritual traditions originating in South Asia (Esposito, 310). For this report, I visited the Durga Temple located in Fairfax to observe the temple s prayer hall, the statues of deities and puja. I also had an opportunity to interview one of the congregants from the temple named Nikki about Hinduism, the myth of liberation, symbols, traditions and rituals, and the impact of the modernity. Read MoreEmployee Compensation3762 Words   |  16 PagesDescriptions may be developed for jobs individually or for entire job families. †¢ Job Analysis: The process of analyzing jobs from which  job descriptions  are developed. Job analysis techniques include the use of interviews, questionnaires, and observation. †¢ Job Evaluation:  A system for comparing jobs for the purpose of determining appropriate compensation levels for individual jobs or job elements. There are four main techniques:  Ranking,  Classification,  Factor Comparison, and  Point Method.Read MoreEmployee Compensation3771 Words   |  16 PagesDescriptions may be developed for jobs individually or for entire job families. †¢ Job Analysis: The process of analyzing jobs from which  job descriptions  are developed. Job analysis techniques include the use of interviews, questionnaires, and observation. †¢ Job Evaluation:  A system for comparing jobs for the purpose of determining appropriate compensation levels for individual jobs or job elements. There are four main techniques:  Ranking,  Classification,  Factor Comparison, and  Point MethodRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesenvironmental influences and why marketing proactive To assess the impact created by each influence on the organizations has to be 3. MARKETING ENVIRONMENT: Environmental scanning helps in assessing the impact the environment could create the business. Observation played a minor, but non-negligible role. Visits to the premises, including the factory plants in some cases, meals in the canteens of some of the organizations, attention paid to the way-of-doing-things in the several companies - how visitors were

Reading Quiz on A Hanging by George Orwell

First published in 1931, A Hanging is one of George Orwells best-known essays. To test your understanding of Orwells narrative, take this brief quiz, and then compare your responses with the answers on page two. 1. George Orwell’s â€Å"A Hanging† is set in which one of the following countries?(A) India(B) Burma(C) England(D) Eurasia(E) Persia 2. At what time of day do the events in A Hanging take place?(A) about an hour before sunrise(B) in the morning(C) at high noon(D) late in the afternoon(E) at sunset 3. In paragraph three, a bugle call is described as desolately thin in the wet air. In this context, the word desolately means(A) without hope or comfort(B) with doubt or suspicion(C) in a quiet manner, softly(D) lacking a tune or silently(E) in a sentimental or romantic way 4. Which one of the following characters does not appear in Orwell’s A Hanging†?(A) the hangman, a gray-haired convict in the white uniform of the prison(B) the superintendent of the jail, [who] was an army doctor, with a gray toothbrush moustache and a gruff voice(C) Francis, the head jailer(D) a Hindu prisoner, a puny wisp of a man, with a shaven head and vague liquid eyes(E) an old Indian judge, with a gold-rimmed monocle and a handlebar moustache 5. When the procession to the gallows is interrupted by a dog (which made a dash for the prisoner and . . . tried to lick his face), what does the superintendent say?(A) Come here, pooch.(B) Shoot it!(C) Never a dull moment.(D) Who let that bloody brute in here?(E) Leave him alone. Let him be. 6. The narrator doesnt refer directly to himself or use a pronoun in the first-person singular until paragraph eight. Which sentence marks this shift in point of view?(A) For Gods sake hurry up, Francis, I said irritably.(B) I fixed the rope round the prisoners neck.(C) Then we put my handkerchief through its collar...(D) I reached out with my stick and poked the bare brown body...(E) The superintendent passed the whisky to me. 7. What simple action by the prisoner causes the narrator to realize for the first time what it means to destroy a healthy, conscious man?(A) saying God bless you(B) avoiding a puddle(C) petting the dog(D) praying(E) calling for his daughter 8. What is the one word that the prisoner cries out (repeatedly)?(A) â€Å"Innocent!†(B) â€Å"Help!†(C) â€Å"Ram!†(D) â€Å"No!†(E) â€Å"Stella!† 9. After the hanging, the narrator reports that Francis was walking by the superintendent, talking garrulously. In this context, what does garrulously mean?(A) in a rambling or excessively talkative way(B) softly, reverently(C) in a pompous, self-important manner(D) sorrowfully(E) in a hesitant, uncertain manner 10. At the very end of Orwell’s â€Å"A Hanging,† what do the remaining characters (that is, all but the prisoner and, presumably, the dog) do?(A) pray for the soul of the dead prisoner(B) discuss the ethical dimensions of their behavior(C) shoot the dog(D) hang another Hindu(E) laugh and drink whiskey Answers to the Reading Quiz on A Hanging (B) Burma(B) in the morning(A) without hope or comfort(E) an old Indian judge, with a gold-rimmed monocle and a handlebar moustache(D) Who let that bloody brute in here?(C) Then we put my handkerchief through its collar...(B) avoiding a puddle(C) â€Å"Ram!†(A) in a rambling or excessively talkative way(E) laugh and drink whiskey

The Economic Policy Guidelines Of The Future Of Rwanda Essay

In regards to the future of Rwanda, the next 20 years will allow a country which has made unprecedented growth since one of the largest humanitarian crisis in modern history, to move beyond poverty and civil war to a globally competitive export based industry. The nature of the reforms that have been established in the last 20 years have made for economic growth and political consolidation of crucial social mandates. These include the restructuring of Rwandan provinces that are more reflective of zoning types, than by ethnic lines, the strengthening of the Central government and constitutional reforms reflecting social progression, and the strengthening of the judiciary system. The economic policy guidelines of the current Rwandan government and Kigali’s local government attempt to shift economic exports away from agricultural products that are cheap and require large labor pools to a more industrialized export economy that can transport capital goods to the global market. Kigali and Rwanda have heavily invested in economic growth policies over the past two decades. This, paired with the business friendly nature of the government and the return of internally (or externally, regionally) displaced persons as a source of labor, has lead to a greater economic output than was seen even before the genocide. However, these policy guidelines, outlining free-trade and industrialization may be reliant on factors that are not sustainable or feasible in the long term.Show MoreRelatedThe On Foreign Aid Through Expansion Of The Local Economy Essay1908 Words   |  8 Pageshelp with the major infrastructure projects required for a developed or a middle-income state. The previous section discussed how Rwanda attempts to attract investments through practicing business friendly policies, but it did not include how Rwandan officials are attempting to bring regional and global business investors physically to Rwanda. 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Ethics and Information Technology Free Essays

string(24) " to the various styles\." IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System Importance of ethics among the IT professional Abstract: In work environment, ethics is the common rules or approach for all professionals need to obey in order to achieve a great environment in an organization. Most of people think that ethics and morals is something that share the same meaning but actually they are not. The morals are towards the personal character, while ethics stress a social system in which those morals are applied. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics and Information Technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now In other words, ethics point to standards or codes of behaviours expected by the group to which the individual belongs. The ethics might be national ethics, social ethics, company ethics, professional ethics, or even family ethics. So while a person’s moral code is usually unchanging, the ethics of he or she practices can be others to depend on. This paper is written based on data collection from many sources such as webs, articles, and books. So, this paper will provide an overview on the importance of ethics among the IT professionals. Furthermore, it will be explaining the beneficial of applying ethics to IT professionals in order to achieve a good relationship among the workers or team members in an organization. Keyword: Importance of ethics, Ethics, Morals, IT professionals P/S : ABSTRACT N REFERENCE LUM SIAP†¦ nak check semula nanti .. nie lum check lagi. 1 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System 1. 0 Introduction Nowadays, as we know that, information technology becomes the famous things in the world because most of technology makes our work become clear and it is very useful to the people in order to manage or do something. It is very unique of information technology like mobile device, computer, and so on because it is variety of used to the people directly make the people life more comfortable. But refer to the ethics of information technology professional, it can be seen that on how they used the technology, implement the information technology and built for it. In the short term definition, information technology is the technology that is used to process the data. Like nowadays, we used the computer devices to process the data within the organization or out of the organization or the company. Nevertheless, when we come up with the information technology professional, we will want to know the ethics I order to used the information technology either it is good ethics or the bad ethics. There, ethics is referring to the behavior or moral of the individual people in daily life. It is very crucial things that need to know because it can show the achievement of the individual or organization goals and objectives. Actually, ethics make us become more disciplines because we need to follow the rules and procedures of the organization. Ethics among information technology professional can be defines as the attitude of information technology professional in order to accomplish something based on their behavior. It is because based on their behavior, it can show their successful either they can achieve the goals or not. It is depends on the level of ethics strangeness. Information technology professional must have high of motivation or ethics in them self because they faced with the information technology where they need facing on the information technology which can process the data that need to manage, analyze, design, implement, control, maintenance and storing. It is mostly referring to the hardware that is familiar to process the data or information like computer. As the information technology professional, sometimes they need to face with any challenges when their work in order to accomplish something work that need to be done. It is the problem that the information technology professional in their profession. When the challenges or any issues that they need to faced, information 2 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System technology professional need to try the best to find the solution to overcome their problem and it is their roles and responsibilities. It is mostly refer to the ethics of information technology professional on how they handle some issues or any challenges in their work or job. 2. 0 Methodology In completing this term paper, primary and secondary literatures are used to enable in depth understanding of the importance ethics among information technology professional. For the primary literatures in order to complete this term paper, mostly I used observation method by review all the article that is related to the ethics among information technology professional. Besides that, I used secondary data where I refer to the sources that are related to the topic that I focused on such as books, article journals, internet sources and so on. From the primary and secondary literature, I know about the challenges that are faced by information technology professional and the issues that are come up today. From the challenges or the issues, information technology professional need to think on how to overcome the problem that they need to faced and find the alternative or the solution to overcome it. It is based on their behavior on how they can settle their problem. The primary and secondary literature method that are used, is very crucial thing to know on what happened among the information technology professional that are based on their behavior or ethics. IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System 3. 0 Definitions and concept of ethics There are various definitions of ethics. According to the Britz, J. J. which come from department of Information Science University of Pretoria, he defines ethics as the individual action either good or bad and he told that ethics in the general term which make the people come as the fully human. He prefer to the use of technology that are threat to the right of privacy of a person. As a person, ethics is very importance thing in our daily activities. As we know that, ethics is referring to the various styles. You read "Ethics and Information Technology" in category "Papers" Maybe, ethics might be as the national ethics, social ethics, company ethics, and family ethics and can be professional ethics. What is ethics? According to Sir Aristotle which is the famous philosopher, ethics is the custom, character or the habit of a person and in the simplest word; it can be defined as the system of the moral principles. It is worked out from human reason and experience by human action that determines either right or wrong. But, a sociologist like Dr. Raymond Baumhart said that ethics is can be divided into two divisions which is rights, obligations, benefit to the society, fairness of specifics virtue. It is refer to the moral beliefs. Secondly, ethics refer to the study and development of the standards of the ethical. So, ethics told that on how the people lead their lives and making the decisions. Today, we know that everybody needs to be fast and smart. For the information technology professional money is very importance thing but not in their career life. It is means that, career as the information technology professional will followed by their effort directly money is their reward on their effort. For the powerful organizations, information technology professional mostly refer to the ethics as the guidelines to achieve the goal of an organization. According to the Jefferson, guideline is crucial things because ethical principles that are provided will assist them in the many of the professional decisions they will make. Lacovino stated that ethics is the reasoned process but not just how we feel about something because it can be a habitual when we set a value to apply consistently. Some of the researcher defined the ethics as the agent where it refers to the agent processes or action. When we come up with the professional ethics, means that what the person who is professional should do or should not do within the organization or outside the organization. That are stated by Mclarty (2007) but Worthington (2008) told that in developing any information 4 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System technology, professional ethical issues can be occur. Nowadays, the modern world, all the services like internet allow people to connect quickly to the information technology system. So, Worthington states that professionals are more likely to confront ethical issues when dealing with the internet and World Wide Web (WWW). In this term paper, I mostly focused to the importance of ethics among information technology professional. When we talk about the information technology professional, it will focus on computer professional field. Being the IT professional, it is must be good certificates in information technology with their knowledge and their skill. It is the powerful tool for providing job and the business opportunities and for meeting challenges in information technology field. First, the importance of ethics among information technology professional is responsible to ensure that computer technology does not used in the wrong ways which can harm people, environment and the society. That why information technology professional need to be fair, loyal, honest and have ethical in its practices because they want to be an employee where they work for an organization and make the organization become success. With the good ethics or behavior among IT professional, they will work comfortably without feel tired on their job and responsible in term of care of the data or information in the system. With the ethics of the employee directly they can contribute better for an organization. Besides that, the importance thing among the information technology professional is access the data. According to Gordana (2003), to perform the computer or information technology professional job, they will require to access the data only in order to complete their task that they want to do. Besides that, to complete their task, they are very careful in order to use the right time to complete their task because they will plan better first so that each of the task can be settle step by step. It is also because of the thinking of the information technology professional which is very high level thinking by using the technology that are provided in an organization or they own technology. Therefore, quality of the data that they want to access is the factor that they should consider so that the task must be done properly in a good manner. So, in order to do the task by information technology professional, they will not concern at all whether the task or the job is complete or not and without any concentration that are cause by improper ethics education. The other importance of ethics among information echnology professional is the procedure of information technology process that will keep in secret. According to Dahlbom and Mathiasan, information technology 5 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System professional just only participate in development the task, it objective and the context explicitly. For the information technology professional, it is very importan ce things for big organization in order to survive the industry because they have own strategy that need to do or any benchmark which it can be the key success of the business today for them. Allocated the resources is also the importance of ethics among the information technology professional. They must be professional and more responsible and punctual in complete the task that they need do and need to be done properly. It is because information technology professional like computer professional, just only take part in project with the time and the resources that are assigned which can make it possible to deliver a good job. Nevertheless, living in this era or modern information technology will happen something that are very wrong through the law which is computer crime and it is the one of the problems that need to be faced by information technology where it can attack an organization in term of viruses and hackers that getting widespread over the years it is because Bynum (2001) stated that logical security can be divided into five aspects such as consistency by ensuring the data and behaviour can being see today and same with tomorrow, privacy and confidentially, controlling the access to the resources, not modified the data and the programs without proper authority in integrity and last but not list is in aspect unimpaired service. As we know that nowadays, there are many malicious kids of software that being used to access certain system without authorization. Viruses, Trojan horse, worms and logic bombs are some of the example that can harm the computer system in an organization. It is show that un ethical action happened there which could make breaking the company system and could be penalized due to the unauthorized access. Because of that, information technology professional should be concerns on the ethics that should be apply in information technology themselves or the professional people who involved computer science so that, they could achieve a great environment information technology industries. At the same time, it can improved performance an individual in information technology field. Other than that, the importance of ethics among the information technology professional also will increase of respect among the professional people. When talk about the respect it is come from the cooperation between the team member which contribute to the development of the project that should be do by them and the 6 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System evelopers of the system understand the users needs because from that, information technology can find the opportunities in order to develop some of the project to fulfil the user requirements. Besides that, ethics in information technology profess ional can leads the user or customer satisfaction. As an example, computer professional will develop the systems that are related to the technology in order to satisfy the interest of the users and directly can bring the good work environment by develop system. it will show that the performance of an organization if the information technology involve under the organization and make them become more professional in term of manage of information technology that are very importance in each of an organization in the world. 4. 0 Ethics conceptual Theory Ethical theory provides framework to get at underlying rationale, classify and understand arguments and defend conclusion about right and wrong that have in ethical perspectives. Deontology People should follow to their obligations and duties when analyzing an ethical dilemma and it is very consistent decisions. Utilitarianism The ability to predict the sequences of action in order to determine which choice is Ethical Theory more beneficial. Right It is considered to be ethically correct and valid to the society. Virtue Judge a person by the character rather than by an action they may clash from the normal behavior. 7 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System Figure 1: Ethics Theory All the ethical theory or concept above is define by the people who is expert in information technology profession or sociologist that are concern with the ethics and it is very importance that need to apply in information technology professional. 5. 0 Challenges in Encouraging Ethical Behaviors among Information technology professional. There are several common challenges in developing ethical in information technology professional. Information technology needs to alert with their surrounding because many challenges that they need to faced when they complete their task within the organization. Below are the challenges that are faced by information technology professional in managed their information technology equipment and services. 5. Facing with computer crimes As we know that, nowadays is the modern world. Therefore, all the technology that is used today mostly shows the advanced technology. We know that media technology or the communication technology is very familiar to the people and the importance things is to the organization that are used the technology to implement and maintained the task in order to achieve the goals of an organization. But, when we deal with the advanced technology, the information technology professional need to be careful by used they ethical in term of complete the task. In this times, there are most of computer viruses and added with the hacker which also known as international spy. Here, the computer security is the crucial thing that needs to consider in the field of computer ethics by the information technology professional. By the way, the problem that is faced by them is not on the physical security but in term of logical security like privacy and confidentially, controlling access to the resources and so on. Hackers which are the person who breaks into someone computer system without any permission directly can steal the data of an organization or privacy information. 5. 2 Intellectual property rights connected with software ownership. In this aspect of challenges ethics or the right. Many people think that software should be own able. Intellectual property is the one of the controversial areas of computer ethics. Some people think that software ownership not be allowed 8 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System at all and all the information should be free, all programs should be available for copying. In term of that, it is very wrong ways according o the laws that are provided. As the information technology professional ethics, they need to know who take their intellectual property properly. 5. 3 Computer condition in the workplace that need to be concern As the information technology professional, the challenges that they faced is condition of the computer itself. Because of the computer always run to manage the data that are store in the system and to implement the data, maybe it will make the system down because the computer itself does not rest. When the system down happened that will make the information technology professional lack of ethics in order to monitor the system. 5. 4 Information privacy Privacy is the one of the computer ethics that need to be develop by public interest. The efficiency of the computer network can be used to gather the information, store, and search and retrieved the information making the computer technology treating anyone to keep various kind of information that are privacy. It is the challenges also that are faced by the information technology professional especially sensitive information like medical record. Because nowadays, the people think so far in order to get the information and make it as the basic information that is not importance. It is because of the hacker that wants the information. Therefore, information privacy nowadays also does not secure in hundred percent. 5. 5 Globalization In term of globalization, computer ethics today is rapidly involved in more importance field. It is also can be known a global information ethics. Global networks like internet will connect people all over the world. Globalization refers to the variety of used like global cyber business, global education and so on. The world is very close to the technology which can provide electronic privacy and security on the interne in order to connect the international business transactions. This challenges is very familiar nowadays, because in 9 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System transaction of the business today cheating and fraud in business always happened. 6. 0 Recommendations to address the challenges in encouraging ethical behaviors among information technology professional In response to the challenges that are stated above, several recommendations are proposed as follow: 6. 1 Government should have a strict action with the computer crime. To address the challenges, I recommended that government of each country in the world should be strict to the computer crime based on the computer crime act. There, people who involved in the investigation of the computer crime should find the people who do the wrong things in using computer until the people who make computer crime can be punished so that we can reduced the number of computer crime directly make it very clear. There, no give up action should behave but always find the ways on how to catch them. 6. 2 Discuss with the team member In this point, that I recommend, means that all the information technology professional that are deal with the information technology, should discuss everything about the problem or the challenges that they faced in manage the technology and the system. For example, when people used t software and sale that software without any permission of the software ownership, they could discuss about it on their intellectual property on how to take the action to the people who wrong in that situation. From the discussion with the team member, it will provide more decision and the best decision will be used to settle that problem. That is the good ethics when working in the group as the information technology professional. 6. 3 Told the society about the act of privacy We know that, government today implement the act of privacy but the society does not know about the act anymore. It is because the society today lack of information that they should know. When we told them about the act of 10 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System privacy, they will know what might be right and what might be wrong. From there, the act of privacy will be clear to the society. 6. 4 Motivate the information technology professional In order to motivate the information technology professional, the top management in an organization should lead them in order to motivate them. Top management in an organization should remind the information technology professional when they do their job or work. It s very importance thing to do where the top manager alert with the leadership style or skill in each of the organization. Top manager should support their staff so that they will motivate to accomplish the task that is given. 6. 5 Organized seminar Some of the organization should organize the seminar o that all people involved in the seminar programmed. Especially, seminar about the information technology professional where the audience of the seminar will focus on the information technology department in term of tell about the ethics of information technology professional includes their roles and responsible. Told them on how to faced the problem or any challenges and on how to overcome it immediately. 11 IMS657 Legal and Ethical Aspect of Information System 7. 0 Conclusion As the conclusion, by applying the ethics among the information technology, it will make the organization become more success and will make the individual become more talent when deal with something issues and any challenges that they need to face. By the ethics in themselves, will make them more professional in handling the information technology directly deals with the user or customer of the system. So, ethics is a set of principle that should have in all the people itself but not just only in information technology professional only. The importance of ethics among information technology professional should be concern by the people so that the environment of information technology become more special to the user and people who in charge on it. By applying the ethics also, we could determine that the right and wrong of an individual action. But, it is depending to the situation that is faced by the people. Therefore, with the ethics, information technology can avoid from the unethical action like unauthorized access, plagiarism, disturbing people privacy hacking the information and etc. ecause of that, information technology profession, need to concern the code of ethics so that the individually performance could be improve and directly improve the company or organization itself in order to achieve the organization goals, vision, mission and objectives. 12 IMS657 Legal and Ethica l Aspect of Information System 8. 0 References Bynum. (2001). Computer and information ethics. Retrieved April 10, 2013 from http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/ethics-computer/#ComCri Lacovino. (2002). Ethical principles and information professionals: Theory, practice and education. Retrieved April 10, 2013 from http://www. alia. org. au/publishing/aarl/33. 2/full. text/iacovino. html Worthington. (2008). Ethics for ICT professionals. Retrieved April 11, 2013 from http://www. tomw. net. au/technology/it/ictethics. shtml 13 How to cite Ethics and Information Technology, Papers

Administrative Law for Australian Judicial System- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAdministrative Law for Australian Judicial System. Answer: There is a significance has been found from a decade in Australian Judicial System where the Administrative law has make a huge establishment in the application under the State Administrative Tribunal under the State Administrative Tribunal Act 2004. The Australia states have their own contemplating law of reforms, which depends on the Tort law, and by the reform effort, it helps to response on difference disputes and negligence issues. The Australian Administrative law is the part of under the judicial system. The application of the law it helps to identify litigiousness according to the qualitative claims. The Administrative helps to understand the litigiousness in Australia, which always consist of the process of the judicial process, and other ways in according to the particular application of the law (Hooper 2017). The litigation is described as willingness to assert legal rights. The High Court of Australia has defines the litigiousness as the eagerness of proceed through legal system. it also helps to measure the efficacy of law in directing social behavior. For the application under the formal legal process people applying it for a better review to resolve the disputes. they used to solve the disputes through the negotiation process as they used to prefer the preserve relationship rather than rapture with it. According to the concept of the litigiousness prevailing orthodoxy it make the essential needs of the economy. It is the most important process to deal with the resolving issues outside of the court (Barnett 2017). According to merits review of administrative law it consider the authority that helps in decision-making process under a particular legal framework. It exercises their powers and discretions conferred on the primary decision maker. Under such merit reviews the Migration Act 1958 is one if the legislation which works with the primary decision and helps to establish and substitute a new decision. It has reconsidered under the Department of Immigration and Border Protection. In this legislation, the decisions can review according to the lodge application and payable fees. The internal review of the administrative law is a review process on the merits of an agencys primary decision. It has the advantages as if it is a quick and inexpensive process and access through the personal contact between the citizen and agency. It helps to impose positive consideration in decision-making and attitudes of fellow officers, warn the agencies for deficiencies or discrepancies in decision-making proces s. The disadvantages are risks of a public perception of lack of impartiality, confusing stages, prevent speedy resolution by an external review and cost of administrative review. Australia has its own federal system which has it a wide-ranging efforts by the federal and state system which deals with the facilitate self-representation, simplification of proceedings, and policies to encourage and flexible arrangements in courts by litigants. Australian Court can advertise the documents where it interfere with the decision making process for the recommendation of such proceedings. Several arguments has introduced where they have mentioned about the policy consideration which concern with the public policy or the interests of the person primarily affected by the decision. In this process, it becomes associated with collecting, validating and comparing quantitative data; it is not surprising that comparative commentary on litigiousness resorts to cultural portrayals. The cultures and the litigious process are both related with each other. Therefore, from a long time, it has been criticize and sometimes the researcher has approaches for the alternative explanations (Hooper 2017). The Procedural Fairness is a process, which is used for the decision-making, purposes rather that an actual outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary to precede the judicial procedure with fair and appropriate procedure. The decision making process is actually processed by the decision maker who will operate the whole program with a fair and appropriate way. However, there are several differences between the natural justice and procedural fairness according to the preferable administrative decision-making process. The natural justice is the part of law that is processed under the court but a fair process is always necessary while process the judicial system. the procedural fairness always ensure the development of the decision making process where a natural and simple process is being used which includes informing the people as per their interest, provide the rights to hear the case processing, appropriate evidence along with the complete and fair judgment (Barnett 2017). The rule of natural justice has been exercising according to the negative reflective that need to resolve the interest of a person or corporation. For the procedural fairness, it is necessary for apply the fair decision for cancelling a license or provide benefits for the disciple an employee or penalty for offence and other damages and losses which has been caused due to some negligence. It is also applicable for those people who are having a legitimate expectation and want to protect their legal rights. In some circumstances the procedural fairness is also enacted by the acts of parliament where it requires to fulfill the requirements like lack of bias, evidence for support any decision, hearing rule and enquiry about the disputes. It is also requiring knowing whether there is any duty for the fair procedural or not. Therefore one clear, contrary legislative intention, administrative decision-makers also affected for the decision. Under the procedure, the duty is require that must affect the person individually or a community. The procedural fairness is only exists where it afford the decision making ability. In the case of High Court in Saeed v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship the procedural fairness has been applied for the protection of the principle of legality. The court is also looks and depends on the duty in the procedure that is completely exclude from the inconsistent along with the proper operative with the relevant statutory provisions. The express statutory provisions also required to oblige the making of a decision that must clear the intension of the natural justice (Barnett 2017). The content of procedural fairness it should afford the duty of the procedural fairness. The reasonable fairness also provides the opportunities for the parties for fair and relevant circumstances. The basic rules are requires the hearing rule and rule against bias. The hearing rule is one of the most important parts under the procedural fairness. It is the way where any person is always require for the fair demands where that person must reply to a government agency against any negative effects, which also includes the existing interest or a legitimate expectation. It is a process where the person only concerns with the opportunity along with the appropriate circumstances. The hearing rule process the must received and considered before the decision has been made in the process. The process also requires having a possible decision under some criteria. Therefore, several information must be provided in the process. An individual person can have also applied for a procedural fairness that has governed by the government decision. It is also required when any person is affected with negative reflective can apply such procedure. The process also included the proposal and any negative or prejudicial information relating with the decision making process (Barnett 2017). Australian administrator law has been introduced for the exercising of the powers and responsibilities by the Australian governments, which produced the common law system along with a statutory; overlay which helps to codified Judicial review and tribunals with extensive powers of direction. The Australian administers law mainly developed according to the ombudsman system and freedom of information legislation and it produce some delegated legislation with the collaboration of United States. the Australian administrative law has mainly developed by the legal framework of the United Kingdom and United States which has become one of the most strongest administrative tribunals for exercising the codification and procedural Reform of the system of Judicial review and the creation of an office of ombudsman. It is developed on the terms of common law and codified under the administrative decision Judicial review act 1977. the administrative law is the statutory framework of the law regulat ing government decision making process which allow and applies to the government decision for every individual matters. The administrative law has provides the decision making process which should be fair, hi qualify, efficient and effective for that individual matters. It should be applied to the individual access according to the merits and law fullness of decision and conduct of that matter. Accountability is another important part where government decision and conducts has involved under the administrative law. The public access on to information always depends on the government decision, processes, and individual access to personal information, which only held by the government of the Australia (Barnett 2017). Under the separation of power between the legislature executive and judiciary in Australian constitution it is only allowed the independence of the federal court and according to the Australian constitution it only applicable in three different ways. The parliament of Australia helps to establish the process of decision making as per the basis of merit reviews of decisions and the ministers accountable decisions. The government has also power in the decision-making based on merits review for at the Tribunal assesses. the merits in particular cases according to the legislation of the Australia the court has also powers to declare and enforceable the legal limits which only helps to Judicial review application (Hooper 2017). The administrative law system has played many roles it helps to includes the primary decision making process, internal merits review of primary decisions, external merits reviews, Judicial review, Commonwealth ombudsman, office of the Australian Information Commissioner, administrative review cancel merit, protection commissioner parliamentary committee. The Attorney General is one of the important part in the administrative law which always held responsibility for the decision making process through the administrative appeal tribunals and legislative instrument (Barnett 2017). Reference Barnett, H., 2017. Constitutional and administrative law. Taylor Francis. Elliott, M. and Varuhas, J.N., 2017. Administrative law: text and materials. Oxford University Press. High Court in Saeed v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship Hooper, G.R., 2017. Judicial Review and Proportionality: Making a Far-Reaching Difference to Administrative Law in Australia or a Misplaced and Injudicious Search for Administrative Justice?. Pearce, D.C., Paterson, M., Zifcak, S.P. and Telford, P. eds., 2015. Australian Administrative Law. LexisNexis Australia. Rose-Ackerman, S., Lindseth, P.L. and Emerson, B. eds., 2017. Comparative administrative law. Edward Elgar Publishing. Sossin, L., 2014. Administrative Law Administrative Justice in an Interconnected World. Canadian Journal of Administrative Law Practice, 27(1), p.53.